The Relationship Between University Students' Covid-19 Knowledge, Attitude and Health Behaviors and Anxiety Levels and Other Effective Factors

Authors

  • Gönül Gökçay Kafkas Üniversitesi, Atatürk Sağlık Hizmetleri Meslek Yüksekokulu, Tıbbi Hizmetler ve Teknikleri Bölümü, Kars, Türkiye
  • Ayşe Çevirme Sakarya Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Halk Sağlığı Hemşireliği Bölümü, Sakarya, Türkiye

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.46291/ICONTECHvol6iss3pp30-46

Keywords:

COVID-19 bilgi, COVID-19 tutum, sağlıklı beslenme tutumu, fiziksel aktivite, anksiyete, üniversite öğrencisi.

Abstract

The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between university students' knowledge, attitudes and health behaviors towards physical activity and nutrition about COVID-19 and their anxiety levels and other effective factors. Cross-sectional study; It was conducted with 1074 students studying at a state university in Turkey in the spring semester of 2020-2021. As a data collection tool; Socio-demographic information questionnaire, COVID-19 information form, general attitude and behavior form towards COVID-19, Healthy Eating Attitude Scale (SBIAS), Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors (HLB) “physical activity” sub-dimension and DAS-42 Scale “anxiety” ” sub-dimension is used. Research data were evaluated with SPSS 26.0 package program. Number, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t test, anova test (LSD and Bonferroni test) and correlation analysis were used to evaluate the data. Statistical significance level was accepted as p<.05. Students; 57.23±20.39 from the total of SBITS; they scored 16.14±6.64 for physical activity and 8.52±10.30 for anxiety. It has been determined that the level of knowledge of the students about COVID-19 is above average, and almost 89% of them have a positive attitude towards COVID-19. Healthy life behaviors of students; they reported low daily water consumption rates, less than half of them had a high attitude towards nutrition, their physical activity levels were below medium, and more than half of them reported anxiety symptoms. It was determined that anxiety was not associated with attitudes towards healthy eating and physical activity, but there was a weak positive relationship between attitudes towards healthy eating and physical activity. Suggestions were made in line with the results.

References

AL-Rawajfah, O. M., Al-Mugeed, K. A., Alaloul, F., Al-Rajaibi, H. M., & Al Omari, O. (2021). COVID-19 knowledge, attitude, and precautionary practices among health professional students in Oman. Nurse Education in Practice, 52(March), 103041. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nepr.2021.103041

Alzoubi, H., Alnawaiseh, N., Al-Mnayyis, A., Abu-Lubad, M., Aqel, A., & Al-Shagahin, H. (2020). Covid-19 - Knowledge, attitude and practice among medical and non-medical university students in Jordan. Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology, 14(1), 17–24. https://doi.org/10.22207/JPAM.14.1.04

Arabi, Y. ., Murthy, S., & Webb, S. (2020). COVID-19: a novel coronavirus and a novel challenge for critical care. Intensive Care Medicine, 1–4.

Arı, Y., & Çakir, E. (2021). Correlation between participation in physical activity and healthy nutrition: An example of a sports science faculty. Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity, 13(3), 37–45. https://doi.org/10.29359/bjhpa.13.3.05

Bahar, Z., Beşer, A., Gördes, N., Ersin, F., & Kıssal, A. (2008). Validity and reliability study of the healthy lifestyle behaviors scale II. Journal of Cumhuriyet University School of Nursing, 12(1), 1–13.

Baltacı, A. (2018). A Conceptual Investigation on Sampling Methods and Sample Size Problem in Qualitative Research. Bitlis Eren University Journal of Social Sciences, 1(231–274).

Bilgel, N., & Bayram, N. (2010). Turkish version of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS42): Psychometric properties. Archives of Neuropsychiatry, 47, 118–126.

Büyüköztürk, Ş., Çakmak, E. K., Akgün, Ö. E., Karadeniz, Ş., & Demirel, F. (2018). Scientific research methods in education. In Pegem Academy.

CDC. (2020). CDC Safeguards. Https://Www.Cdc.Gov/Coronavirus/2019-Ncov/Prepare/Prevention.Html.

CDC. (2022). CDC Stress and Coping. Https://Www.Cdc.Gov/Mentalhealth/Stress-Coping/Cope-with-Stress/Index.Html.

Çevirme, A., & Gökçay, G. (2021). Relationship between University Students’ COVID-19 Knowledge, Attitude and Health Behaviors and Anxiety Levels and Affecting Factors. 5th International Nutrition, Obesity and Community Health Congress, 420–429.

Chen, Q., Liang, M., Li, Y., Guo, J., Fei, D., Wang, L., He, L., Sheng, C., Cai, Y., Li, X., Wang, J., & Zhang, Z. (2020). Mental health care for medical staff in China during the COVID-19 outbreak. The Lancet Psychiatry, 7(4), e15–e16.

Depoux, A., Martin, S., Karafillakis, E., BSD, R. P., Wilder-Smith, A., & Larson, H. (2020). The pandemic of social media panic travels faster than the COVID-19 outbreak. Journal of Travel Medicine, 27(3), 1–4.

Đogaš, Z., Lušić Kalcina, L., Pavlinac Dodig, I., Demirović, S., Madirazza, K., Valić, M., & Pecotić, R. (2020). The Effect of COVID-19 Lockdown on Lifestyle and Mood in Croatian General Population: A Cross-Sectional Study. Croat Med J., 61, 309–318.

Duong, M. C., Nguyen, H. T., & Duong, B. T. (2021). A Cross-Sectional Study of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Towards Face Mask Use Amid the COVID-19 Pandemic Amongst University Students in Vietnam. Journal of Community Health, 46(5), 975–981. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10900-021-00981-6

Fraenkel, J. R., Wallen, N. E., & Hyun, H. H. (2012). How to design and evaluate research in education. The McGraw-Hill Companies.

Galali, Y. (2021). The impact of COVID-19 confinement on the eating habits and lifestyle changes: A cross sectional study. Food Science and Nutrition, 9(4), 2105–2113. https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.2179

Gençalp, D. K. (2020). Evaluation of Dietary Habits and Physical Activity Status of First and Emergency Aid Students in COVID-19 Outbreak Period. Journal of Paramedic and Emergency HealthServices, 1(1), 1–15. https://www.euro.who.int/en/health-topics/health-emergencies/coronavirus-covid-19/technical-guidance/food-and-nutrition-tips-during-self-quarantine?fbclid=IwAR0IxmHZqgX-uwgq0cNTsDM3BdHUogV8EcFbqiY3olALGzBP_hbzW6AwYnA

Gökçay, G., & Şimşekli Bakırhan, D. (2022). Students’ Healthy Eating Attitudes and Related Factors in the Covid-19 Process. Karadeniz Summit 9th International Congress of Applied Sciences.

Güngör, A. E., Dağ, B., Süzen, B., & Dağ, A. (2022). COVID-19 Döneminde Diyetisyenlerdeki Sağlık Anksiyetesi, Koronavirüs Anksiyetesi ve Sağlıklı Beslenme Kaygısı Arasındaki İlişkilerin Değerlendirilmesi. Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics, 50(1), 53–62. https://doi.org/10.33076/2022.bdd.1538

Hasan, H., Raigangar, V., Osaili, T., Neinavaei, N. E., Olaimat, A. N., & Aolymat, I. (2021). A cross-sectional study on university students’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward COVID-19 in the United Arab Emirates. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 104(1), 75–84. https://doi.org/10.4269/AJTMH.20-0857

Honein, M. A., Christie, A., Rose, D. A., Brooks, J. T., Meaney-Delman, D., Cohn, A., Sauber-Schatz, E. K., Walker, A., McDonald, L. C., Liburd, L. C., Hall, J. E., Fry, A. M., Hall, A. J., Gupta, N., Kuhnert, W. L., Yoon, P. W., Gundlapalli, A. V., Beach, M. J., Walke, H. T., … Williams, I. (2020). Summary of Guidance for Public Health Strategies to Address High Levels of Community Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and Related Deaths, December 2020. In MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (Vol. 69, Issue 49). https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6949e2

Jardon, C., & Choi, K. R. (2022). COVID-19 Experiences and Mental Health Among Graduate and Undergraduate Nursing Students in Los Angeles. Journal of the American Psychiatric Nurses Association. https://doi.org/10.1177/10783903211072222

Kalkan Uğurlu, Y., Mataracı Değirmenci, D., Durgun, H., & Gök Uğur, H. (2021). The examination of the relationship between nursing students’ depression, anxiety and stress levels and restrictive, emotional, and external eating behaviors in COVID-19 social isolation process. Perspectives in Psychiatric Care, 57(2), 507–516. https://doi.org/10.1111/ppc.12703

Keskin, G. (2021). Self-report measurement of depression, anxiety, and stress caused by covid-19 pandemic in senior undergraduate dental students. Pesquisa Brasileira Em Odontopediatria e Clinica Integrada, 21, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1590/PBOCI.2021.102

Kriaucioniene, V., Bagdonaviciene, L., Rodríguez-Pérez, C., & Petkeviciene, J. (2020). Associations between changes in health behaviours and body weight during the COVID-19 quarantine in Lithuania: the Lithuanian COVIDiet Study. Nutrients, 12, 3119.

Li, S. W., Wang, Y., Yang, Y. Y., Lei, X. M., & Yang, Y. F. (2020). Analysis of influencing factors of anxiety and emotional disorders in children and adolescents during home isolation during the epidemic of novel coronavirus pneumonia. Chinese Journal of Child Health, 28(3), 1–9.

López-Moreno, M., López, M. T. I., Miguel, M., & Garcés-Rimón, M. (2020). Physical and Psychological Effects Related to Food Habits and Lifestyle Changes Derived From COVID-19 Home Confinement İn The Spanish Population. Nutrients, 12, 3445.

Lovibond, P. F., & Lovibond, S. H. (1995). No TitleThe structure of negative emotional states: Comparison of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS) with the Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventories. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 33(3), 335–343.

Munster, V. J., Koopmans, M., van Doremalen, N., van Riel, D., & de Wit, E. (2020). A novel coronavirus emerging in China—key questions for impact assessment. New England Journal of Medicine, 382(8), 692–694.

Nehir, S., & Güngör Tavşanlı, N. (2021). Covid-Pandemi̇si̇ni̇n Hemşi̇re Ve Ebe Öğrenci̇leri̇n Korku Ve Kontrol Algısı Üzeri̇ndeki Etki̇si̇. NWSA Academic Journals, 16(2), 141–150. https://doi.org/10.12739/nwsa.2021.16.2.1b0116

Onal, H. Y., Bayram, B., & Yuksel, A. (2021). Factors associated with the weight change trend in the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic: the case of Turkey. Nutrition Research and Practice, 15(1), 53–69.

Orhan Özgül, Ö., & Saatçi, E. (2021). Health Anxiety Levels and Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors of Çukurova University Medical Faculty Students. Turkish Journal of Family Practice, 25(3), 84–90. https://doi.org/10.5222/tahd.2021.69775

Özenoǧlu, A., Çevik, E., Çolak, H., Altintaş, T., & Alakuş, K. (2021). Changes in nutrition and lifestyle habits during the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey and the effects of healthy eating attitudes. Mediterranean Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism, 14(3), 325–341. https://doi.org/10.3233/MNM-210562

Patwary, M. M., Disha, A. S., Bardhan, M., Haque, M. Z., Kabir, M. P., Billah, S. M., Hossain, M. R., Alam, M. A., Browning, M. H. E. M., Shuvo, F. K., Piracha, A., Zhao, B., Swed, S., Shah, J., & Shoib, S. (2022). Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Toward Coronavirus and Associated Anxiety Symptoms Among University Students: A Cross-Sectional Study During the Early Stages of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Bangladesh. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 13(April), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.856202

Pourrazi, H., Shagayeg, M., & Kabiri, R. (2021). Disordered Eating Attitudes During the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Predictive Role of Physical Activity, Body Mass Index, and Gender. Archives of Hygiene Sciences, 10(2), 133–142. https://doi.org/10.52547/archhygsci.10.2.133

Prasad Singh, J., Sewda, A., & Shiv, D. G. (2020). Assessing the Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of Students Regarding the COVID-19 Pandemic. Journal of Health Management, 22(2), 281–290. https://doi.org/10.1177/0972063420935669

Saeed, H., Eslami, A., Nassif, N. T., Simpson, A. M., & Lal, S. (2022). Anxiety Linked to COVID-19: A Systematic Review Comparing Anxiety Rates in Different Populations. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(4). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19042189

Schmidt, F. L., & Hunter, J. E. (2014). Methods Of Meta-Analysis: Correcting Error And Bias In Research Findings. SAGE.

Sulistyawati, S., Rokhmayanti, R., Aji, B., Wijayanti, S. P. M., Hastuti, S. K. W., Sukesi, T. W., & Mulasari, S. A. (2021). Knowledge, attitudes, practices and information needs during the covid-19 pandemic in indonesia. Risk Management and Healthcare Policy, 14, 163–175. https://doi.org/10.2147/RMHP.S288579

Taghrir, M. H., Borazjani, R., & Shiraly, R. (2020). COVID-19 and iranian medical students; A survey on their related-knowledge, preventive behaviors and risk perception. Archives of Iranian Medicine, 23(4), 249–254. https://doi.org/10.34172/aim.2020.06

Tekkurşun Demir, G. Cicioğlu, H. İ. (2019). Attitude Scale Towards Healthy Eating (SBIAS): Validity and Reliability Study. Gaziantep University Journal of Sport Sciences, 4(2), 256–274.

Walker, S. N., Sechrist, K. R., & Pender, N. J. (1987). The health-promoting lifestyle profile: development and psychometric characteristics. Nursing Research, 36(2), 76–82.

WHO (2019). WHO COVID-19 Public advice. Https://Www.Who.Int/Emergencies/Diseases/Novel-Coronavirus-2019/Advice-for-Public.

WHO. (2020a). WHO Frequently Asked Questions: COVID-19. Https://Www.Who.Int/News-Room/q-a-Detail/q-a-Coronaviruses.

WHO. (2020b). WHO Risk Management Plan 2020. Https://Www.Who.Int/Emergencies/Diseases/Novel-Coronavirus-2019/Technical-Guidance/Risk-Communication-and-Community-Engagement.

WHO. (2022). WHO: DSÖ Coronavirüs (COVID-19) Dashboard. Https://Covid19.Who.Int/.

Yang, G. Y., Lin, X. L., Fang, A. P., & Zhu, H. L. (2021). Eating habits and lifestyles during the initial stage of the covid-19 lockdown in china: A cross-sectional study. Nutrients, 13(3), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13030970

Yang, Y., Li, W., Zhang, Q., Zhang, L., Cheung, T., & Xiang, Y. T. (2020). Mental health services for older adults in China during the COVID-19 outbreak. The Lancet Psychiatry, 7(4), e19.

Zhong, B. L., Luo, W., Li, H. M., Zhang, Q. Q., Liu, X. G., Li, W. T., & Li, Y. (2020). Knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards COVID-19 among chinese residents during the rapid rise period of the COVID-19 outbreak: A quick online cross-sectional survey. International Journal of Biological Sciences, 16(10), 1745–1752. https://doi.org/10.7150/ijbs.45221

Downloads

Published

2022-09-25

How to Cite

Gökçay, G., & Çevirme, A. . (2022). The Relationship Between University Students’ Covid-19 Knowledge, Attitude and Health Behaviors and Anxiety Levels and Other Effective Factors. ICONTECH INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL, 6(3), 30–46. https://doi.org/10.46291/ICONTECHvol6iss3pp30-46

Issue

Section

Articles

Most read articles by the same author(s)